Other recent "Fisheries and Aquaculture" research includes one project to "harden" vessel tracking devices (e.g., VMS and AIS) based on the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)] used on board fishing and other vessels.  These devices, which automatically report their global position as required by authorities, are vulnerable to falsification of their position messages. This research examined a range of possible actions, from physical tampering to software hacking of GNSS tracking units, and proposed a series of options to counter them.  Another project was research on "Maritime targets in high resolution satellite SAR images", which explored the application of SAR autofocus methodologies in order to improve vessel detection performance and image quality of target vessels.